Some years ago, back when McCain-Feingold was new, I noted that it had been sold much like a 19th-century patent medicine: “It’s good for what ails ya.” Think campaigns are too long? McCain-Feingold. Too negative? McCain-Feingold. Special interests too powerful? McCain-Feingold. Don’t like the candidates? McCain-Feingold. And so on.
Indeed, McCain-Feingold — with its limitations on spending money to advertise in the days close to an election, its restrictions on funds for party building, and its ridiculous requirement that candidates devote roughly 10 percent of each ad to explaining that “I approve this message” — like the Federal Election Campaign Act (“FECA”) that it amended, failed miserably to accomplish any of these goals. It’s odd that anyone ever thought it would; after all, generally speaking, attempting to limit political speech is not usually considered a healthy thing in a democracy.
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Within just a few years, the Supreme Court and lower federal courts were rolling back not merely McCain-Feingold, but portions of FECA. Probably the two most important decisions were Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, which held that corporations and unions could spend money independently on political speech; and SpeechNow.org v. Federal Election Commission, a D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals decision, not appealed by the FEC, that held that individuals and others could combine their funds to engage in independent speech. Although campaigns remain, in many ways, more heavily regulated than at any time in U.S. history prior to 1974, the results of the court-ordered deregulation since 2009 have been quite good: The elections of 2010 saw more competitive seats than any election within most Americans’ memory; the campaigns were also the most issue-oriented in a generation; turnout was up, and is expected to be up again this year; Americans are having the most serious debate about the course of the nation’s politics since the debate over civil rights 50 years ago (before FECA was passed, we might note).
But the New York Times editorial page is not about to greet this with equanimity. Rather, the Times is, how should we put it? Freaking out. Just as McCain-Feingold was the elixir of good campaigns, its demise is allegedly responsible for terrible, terrible things.
So this week, the Old Gray Lady’s editorial page cries out about “an unrelenting arctic blast of campaign ads stunning in volume and ferocity.” If it strikes you as odd that a newspaper would be concerned about a lot of political speech, you just don’t read the Times, or perhaps don’t understand its vested interest in limiting the speech of others. What, exactly, does the Times see as the problem?
Well, mainly, it’s that the campaign is just too rowdy. Meeting its burden of proof by claiming that some undetermined number of unnamed “residents” supposedly “say they have never seen anything like the constant negativity,” the Times assures us that the end of democracy is just around the corner. The Times notes with concern that “only a third” of ad dollars are “spent by the candidates themselves.” The Times refers to the groups of citizens who have the effrontery to speak out directly about candidates as “septic tanks.”
For example, one ad actually says, “Rick Perry is a blind, bald, toothless man who wants to start a war with France.” Another says that “Newt Gingrich is a hideous hermaphroditic character.” Yet another says that “if Ron Paul wins, rape, adultery and incest will be openly practiced. Are you prepared to see your dwellings in flames, female chastity violated?” No, wait a minute. I’m sorry, those comments were actually about John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, from the campaign of 1800.
No, things are now much worse. The Times is worked up because one ad actually says that “Mr. Gingrich and Rick Perry [are] ‘too liberal on immigration, [and have] too much baggage on ethics.’” Another ad, moans the Times, “urg[es] viewers not to let ‘the liberal Republican establishment pick our candidate.’” Really — those are the two examples the Times provides of the campaign being “stunning in its ferocity.” Oh, the horror of it all! Don’t let your children near the TV.
Of course, all this blather is nothing new. In 2010, Anderson Cooper told us that “candidates have taken dirty to a whole new level.” Another CNN anchor intoned that “some political watchers are saying this could be the most nasty, negative political season of all time.”
Indeed, the Times itself always says this. As a Times headline blared exactly four years before the latest Times editorial, “Bickering and Negative Ads in Countdown to Caucuses.” And they said more or less the same thing in 2004 and in 2000 and in 1996 and in — well, you get the idea. Meanwhile, a study by researchers at the University of Missouri has found that the New York Times is more likely to be negative in its coverage than are the candidates themselves — sort of like those nasty independent groups that the Times decries. In fact, studies have long shown that ads are more effective at accurately informing viewers about candidates’ positions than is news coverage, which tends to focus on “horse race” coverage.
So let’s sum up: The Times is concerned that 1) there is more political speech than there would be if not for the Supreme Court decision in Citizens United and the appeals-court decision in SpeechNow.org v. FEC; 2) groups of citizens are running their own ads, rather than relying solely on the candidates to run ads; 3) the ads are saying awful things, accusing candidates of “being too liberal on immigration,” or having “ethics baggage,” something the Times would never discuss, except in its news stories on Newt Gingrich’s “ethics” “baggage” on November 28, December 8, December 9, December 14, and December 31; 4) stories about a candidate’s ethics or positions on immigration should be off limits in an “accountable” campaign; and 5) all this citizen speech informing voters about various candidates’ positions, ethics, and endorsements, coming not only from the candidates but from other sources, can be blamed on Citizens United and SpeechNow.org.
Well, I guess that settles that.
— Bradley Smith is the Blackmore/Nault Professor of Law at Capital University Law School, chairman of the Center for Competitive Politics, and the former chairman of the Federal Election Commission.
So according to the New York Times, corporations should have their speech restricted...unless they happen to own a media outlet (like the New York Times Company, perhaps?) in which case their speech should be unrestricted. I think I get it now.
The Times have sold their regional properties, and are planning a garage sale of their feculent typing chairs. They won’t be with us long unless the Big O decides they’re too Whig to fail.
Interesting tidbit about the superior capacity for personal attacks that existed in bygone years. Yet another area in which American exceptionalism is now on the wane.Since the country's pretty much over anyway....I'd vote for Ron White (stand up comedian).
Give me a break. Generally, 30-second TV attack ads distort the truth more than inform voters of important information. They do not enhance democracy, but detract from it. As though a person should be making an important decision about how to vote based on attack ads that play to emotions and nearly always distort the truth more than enlighten.
One thing that Gingrich deserves credit for is proposing Lincoln-Douglas style debates. Such debates could actually result in a more informed citizenry, whereas 30-second attack ads appeal to an increasingly stupid citizenry that is unable to process information that is not packaged into sound bites.
The whole line that unlimited attack ads financed by unaccountable anonymous groups is about free speech is simply false. What it is really about is the right people (i.e. those who have a lot of money to burn) being able to buy the votes of Congress and the President. As if money didn't already have an excessive influence on our democratic decision making processes. What this is really about is having our democracy taken away from ordinary people and handed to an elite plutocracy who can use their unlimited ability to spread misinformation and a distorted reality as leverage to buy the votes of our politicians. Given the increasingly pathetic attention span of voters and their susceptibility to emotional propaganda, 30-second attack ads are all too effective, given their generally low information value.
It is going to be increasingly hard to see our rulers as legitimate when in reality they are increasingly going to be selected by donors rather than voters.
People with enough money? Oh, like the whole supposed ground swell of internet donations to Obama?
And when do you think it hasn't been about buying votes? Ever since we implemented the income tax, it's been about buying votes. The only way to fix that is to get our government's fingers out of the economy.
No, I will not give you a break. Free speech is free speech. As soon as you (or McCain, or Feingold) start putting limits on it, it is no longer free. Even a lib like you can understand that simple proposition. Of course, you are probably in favor of "hate speech" laws, also.
BTW, only the Left speaks of "rulers" (as in "...hard to see our rulers as legitimate..."). I, personally, do NOT have a "ruler". I live in a constitutional republic, administered by an executive (the President) who executes the laws enacted by the people's representatives (Congress). I know you Lefties think we rubes are too stupid to govern ourselves, but there you go.
Ya know, David, free speech means you can get together with a few hundred like minded folks and buy your own ads. Or is issue advocacy and candidate advocacy to be limited to approved groups, such as the Sierra Club or such?
Remember, Citizens United was not some evil for-profit organization. It was a non-profit organization of like-minded citizens who pooled their resources to buy advertising (or produce a movie). Why should they not have this right? Shouldn't groups of citizens have the same right to speak out as rich liberals like Michael Moore?
There you have it: Democracy is a stupid form of government because the voters are stupid. Let's just eliminate the middle man (voters) and auction off the government to the highest bidder.
Threats to democracy, in descending order of importance:
1. A $15.1 trillion national debt, incurred by today's voters to finance spending on today's voters, to be repaid by Americans presently too young to vote and not yet born. President Obama, if re-elected, will add about $10 trillion to the total during the next five years. This is the most extensive scheme of taxation without representation in history.
2. Interest on the national debt, an expense which democratic processes cannot alter and which, according to the OMB, will siphon off federal funds of at least $250B in FY '12, $320B in '13, $413B in '14, $495B in '15, and $562B in '16. These figures assume interest rates rising to 2.7% by 2016. These figures also assume that federal deficits during the four out years will be about $450B less than they actually will be, because the OMB is required to assume that the Bush tax cuts for all brackets will expire at the end of 2012, and that there will be no more Medicare Doc Fixes and no more adjustments to the AMT. These assumptions are false. Higher deficits and higher interest rates will drive these democracy-negating interest payments even higher.
3. Regulations promulgated and selectively enforced by unelected bureaucrats, processes which are seldom if ever subjected to Congressional review.
4. Judicial legislation by unelected federal judges.
5. Political speech which would have been illegal under McCain-Feingold.
Only the last of these is disfavored by the Left. The other four are whole-heartedly endorsed by the Left. This being the case, the Left has no standing to object to First Amendment challenges to the regulation of political speech, on the ground that the First Amendment threatens democracy.
So free speech by "unaccountable anonymous groups" is "no way to run a country," huh? I'm sure the authors of the Federalist Papers (published under the pseudonym Publius) would disagree. Your elitist contempt of the American electorate is amazing.
Of course the Times is lamenting the loss of regulation on political speech. With no controls, well, just anybody can promote or undermine a candidate. With controls, organizations like the Times have an inordinate amount of power because they become one of the few outlets for political speech. If they have competition, how can they possibly sway enough voters to vote their way instead of in an informed way?
The Times is a shoddy organization run by unethical hypocrites. I can't wait for the day when they finally fail financially and we can be rid of them.
It's all about control. If we can't get together and run ads, we have to rely on the papers or news shows to get our information. If they don't like Santorum, don't cover him and don't ask him any questions. His campaign will die. If you like Obama, just write nice things and you get to mold the population's views. Independent ads are a direct threat to their power.
They remind me of Hollywood. G-rated movies make the most but Hollywood loves PG and R. The papers must be the only business where they have a total contempt for their customer and aren't interested in what the customer might want. It isn't even about the stories they choose to cover, it's how they cover them.
Spot on, Mr. Smith! And yes, it's high time we reduced the baleful influence of unfettered corporate speech that is lavishly funded and unaccountable to the people. I say, enough of the fat cats of the NYTimes, the Washington Post, the Boston Globe, ABC, CBS, NBC, and . . . oh, wait.