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Anne Applebaum’s Quarter-Baked Sociology

I’m typically a fan of Anne Applebaum’s but I’ve got to say her analysis of the anti-elitist tide is shockingly off the mark and spectacularly tone deaf. This is the second instance — the first being her support for Roman Polanski — where it’s impossible for me to avoid the conclusion that writing from Poland is not the best way to understand events in America.

Borrowing from Daniel Bell (and I suspect, Hannah Arendt), Applebaum argues that the current tide of resentment at “elites” boils down to envy. Now, I do believe envy plays a serious and under-appreciated role in politics. But Applebaum’s theory of the sources and contours of that envy strike me as not merely wrong but actually silly. According to Applebaum, the Tea Parties resent the fact that the people running the country are simply better and harder working than them. For Applebaum, the fact that the elite graduated from top-tier schools is all  the proof she needs that these people deserve to be in charge. Indeed, Applebaum — without a moment’s pause to cite any evidence — insists that universities have diversified without dropping standards at all. (But I don’t want to have an argument about quotas and all that, because it’s a distraction from my real objection).

Applebaum doesn’t seem to comprehend that it is not status-class anxiety that is driving the main critique of the elite. It is that this particular elite is hellbent on bossing the country around that will make America less meritocratic.

Instead of focusing on the substance of the right-libertarian critique (I love the idea that the people who made the Road to Serfdom and Atlas Shrugged bestsellers again are against merit!), Applebaum  instead spirals off into this wacky celebration of higher education. She doesn’t seem to grasp, let alone acknowledge, that it’s only one subset of Ivy Leaguers that seems to bother anybody on the right: the lawyer-social engineers-journalist-activists they churn out by the boatload. No one begrudges kids who’ve made good from tough backgrounds. What bothers lots of Americans is when those kids then think they are entitled to cajole, nudge, command and denigrate the rest of America. To date, I’ve seen not one instance of Tea Partiers denouncing engineers, physicists, cardiologists, accountants, biologist, archeologists or a thousand other professions who’ve emerged from elite schools. Because those people aren’t bossing anybody around.

In other words, it is the agenda of a very specific and very self-styled elite, not the existence of an elite that is pissing so many people off. Some of the angriest and most dedicated people I meet at Tea Party events are quite wealthy and successful, often with shiny educations equal to Applebaum’s. What infuriates them is that they see a country that once determined merit in the market place or in civil society, becoming a country where what counts as merit is determined by government directly, or indirectly.

This gets to my point about writing from Poland. Applebaum reads Daniel Bell. Then she sees some quotes in the newspaper that seem to jibe with his predictions. And that’s all she needs to know. But the simple fact is that the objections offered by the anti-elitists right now have almost nothing to do with Ivy League education. Fair or not, to the extent the Ivy League comes up it is as a codeword or symbol for the agenda of progressives. Applebaum has somehow gotten spun around into thinking that complaints about the progressive agenda are really code for resentment of elite education. In short, she’s gotten it completely backwards. To boil down opposition to Barack and Michelle Obama to resentment over their diplomas doesn’t make sense to anyone who has actually talked to the people Applebaum is misdiagnosing from afar.

Update: Will Collier beat me to it.

New on The Corner. . .


COMMENTS   23

EXPAND  

   10/12/10 09:42

The anti elite thesis reminded me of Marx, the haves versus the have-nots, then it goes a little into superstructure, so, maybe not. It still seems pretty ridiculous. Then again, with my graduate education from a solid Midwest University, I must just be envious of all those folks with degrees from the coasts

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   10/12/10 10:12

I work in education and have to deal with TFA graduates from "elite" universities. Envy is not the word. Arrogance is what drives them, and the backlash is what drives the tea party.

I'm getting tired of my 15 years experience in education being overlooked by the elitely educated who's experience consists of a summer in classes.

As an ex-military guy, I understand what drives elite. I am not sure that all of these folks are elite. Except in their heads.

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   10/12/10 10:16

I have nothing against "elites". When I go to a football game, I want to see elites doing things I cannot do. I have seen a term come up recently that better expresses our thoughts: ruling class.

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   10/12/10 10:27

Another aspect is that access to Ivy-League schools is very much like a lottery -- acceptance is more and more tenuously related to achievement and more and more completely guarantees graduation. It is nearly impossible to flunk out of an Ivy-League school; in fact, it's difficult not to obtain an 'A' average (though perhaps things are different in real subjects like mathematics, physics, and engineering).

But do note that the elitist attitude is hardly confined to 'top' schools; anyone who gets a degree in a soft subject (English, history, sociology, chicano studies, gender studies, psychology, education, &c., &c., &c.) will have been indoctrinated with the "What's the Matter with Kansas?" view of their fellow citizens as victims of false consciousness who are incapable of deciding for themselves what is best for them.

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   10/12/10 10:49

True meritocracy is based on RESULTS, not pedigree, intelligence, or connections. Bill Buckley's line about being ruled by the first thousand names in the Cambridge phone book rather than the Harvard facility once again rings true.

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   10/12/10 11:03

It strikes me that the "elite" believe you are smart because you went to Harvard or Yale, while the meritocrats believe you went to Yale or Harvard because you are smart.

It seems like a Wizard of Oz view of the world. Recall, the Scarecrow never actually received a brain, he received dipoma.

As Applebaum points out, Clarence Thomas graduated from Yale Law. Yet Tea Party activists never decry Thomas’s elitism. At the same time, the left sniffs derisively that he got there by affirmative action. In other words, he ought to be grateful to have had his empty Scarecrow head bestowed with this honor.

George W. Bush must cause the greatest distress for all. A third generation national political figure, scion of East Coast wealth and a graduate of both Yale and Harvard, he was nevertheless derided as an idiot by the elite. Because, you see, he only got in under the old rules for "legacies," not the new rules for today's favored groups.

The reason some (like Applebaum, apparently) get so confused by criticisms of the elite, is that they are so completely caught up in their own credentialism fetish. It isn’t about the school you attended. Christine O’Donnell uses “Yale” as a figure of speech. David Brooks uses "University of Idaho" or "Community College" as evidence.

To the elites, you see, there are no figures of speech, and even if there were, Yale and Harvard could not possibly be “just words.”

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   10/12/10 11:10

Jonah writes:

"...it’s only one subset of Ivy Leaguers that seems to bother anybody on the right: the lawyer-social engineers-journalist-activists they churn out by the boatload."

I agree, but when people sneer at the Ivy League elite, they don't tend to specify that they're talking about that particular subset of Ivy Leaguers. Instead--as in Buckley's famous comment--the whole group gets smeared. Hence the misunderstanding.

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   10/12/10 11:21

Well… the one thing about which elites of both left and right agree is that their personal success was wholly dependent on merit and their elevation had absolutely nothing to do with mechanisms of nepotism, connections and the favor-bank.

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   10/12/10 11:22

Nice Jonah we need more of a meritocracy define by the connections people's mothers have in political movements that ensures nepotism, uh I mean non-elitism. If you think that the economic/social program favored by conservatives does not involve the same amount of "bossing around" that we see in a specific brand of progressivism then your mistaken. Every political brand is jockeying for power when it comes to what they see as the best direction of the country and that always involves "bossing people around"

"Applebaum has somehow gotten spun around into thinking that complaints about the progressive agenda are really code for resentment of elite education."

Nice little (what's that phrase you use?) stolen base here. You summarily turn Ivy League into progressive without so much as a blink of the eye except for the usual caveat (unfair or not). If an Ivy League education appears liberal it doesn't mean that it is progressive. And you know this.

Hopefully, you'll turn back to the issues that really matter like the Wilson administration, and the influence of the Bull Moose Party.

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   10/12/10 11:43

The Left want an electorate that they can do the thinking for. They understand envy, that's why they resort to class warfare to herd voters their way. Obviously they consider themselves elite. They really can't come to terms with the fact that so many think Eureka College trumps Harvard and Yale!

BTW, "lawyer-social engineers-journalist-activists"
–– climate scientists.

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   10/12/10 11:51

By now, a true advocate of higher education would have noticed its recent destruction by leftist ideologues with an aggressive, suppressive agenda against freedom of thought.

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   10/12/10 12:09

It's not the existence of the elite but the manner of their selection that drives me and many people crazy. By the time you are 35 or 40 no one cares what college you went to, it's what you've achieved since then that matters. I'm sure we've all worked with or known Ivy League grads who were less than impressive and state school grads who were stellar. To me, getting into Harvard proves that the person was, at age 17, a bright grind who was good at bureaucracy and a little lucky. But there are lots of bright, hard-working people. Being a good student and clever with paperwork as an adolescent does not entitle one to a lifetime of coasting and bragging (like Two-Fer on 30 Rock).

And Ivy League people tend to know that their education as such is not inherently better than others'. The chief argument for attending those schools in the network, who you know not what you know (hardly a meritocratic idea). Thus Obama hires almost exclusively Ivy Leaguers, not out of merit but out of bias, out of preference for his own and what he knows, out of brand loyalty, out of blindness to the other areas of America which could contribute. This is what pushes my buttons - the compulsion to select people for high government positions from a very narrow slice of America. And then the arrogance to feel that this is deserved.

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   10/12/10 13:05

If we're going to discuss Elite Colleges/Ivy Leagues then a little perspective is in order: Ramesh (Princeton), Lowry (UVA which is pretty selective), March Theissen (Vassar), Coulter (Cornell), D'Souza (Cornell), Bryon York (Chicago University), Jonah Goldberg (Goucher a small selective liberal arts college), Peter Robinson(Dartmouth&Oxford), David Horowitz (Columbia), Victor David Hanson(Stanford). Contra Ludwig's comments that Ivy League is all Obama knows, well it was all Reagan, Bush I, Bush II knew as well. Government is stacked both left and right with Ivy League people, this is not something unique. To say that this a particular to Obama is dishonest. Conservatives have their elites that believe they know what's best for everyone just like people on the left-and those conservatives went to premier/Ivy League institutions.

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   10/12/10 13:33

This is not about the nature of each and every person who ever attended an elite institution. It is about a culture of overweening, entitled authority promoted primarily by many of the permanent stewards of those institutions.

I am one of many Ivy League alumni who cheer the unmasking and repudiation of leftist arrogance as manifested recently by Obama, Reid, and Pelosi -- and for decades preponderantly by the faculties and administrations of many educational institutions, elite and otherwise.

Thank you for fisking Applebaum, Jonah.

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   10/12/10 13:49

"It is about a culture of overweening, entitled authority promoted primarily by many of the permanent stewards of those institutions."

Of which major conservatives have matriculated under. To say that conservative are/were immune to the overweening, entitled authority is nuts. I remember George W. Bush as feeling pretty entitled. Conservatives are just as elite, snobby as anybody else. To say that conservatives represent the salt of the earth might be true (but not really) at the voters level, but its certainly is not the case at the intellectual/policy level. And those conservative intellectuals are just as elite as liberal intellectuals.

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   10/12/10 15:28

There is nothing in life that I really care about that I cannot enjoy at my very modest income (dining at the French Laundry being the perhaps the one exception). Accordingly, I have long felt myself utterly devoid of class envy and delight everyday in my simple, pleasant life.

But, in recent years, a certain bitter resentment with a class dimension has crept in for two reasons:

(1) I realized that there is no positive correlation between an elite education and values like honor and integrity, which one might expect would be refined by a first-class engagement with the so-called liberal arts. In fact, I have come to believe that the ambition and swagger and grandiosity that come with high intellectual achievement (speaking here only of the soft "disciplines") foster hypocrisy, hubris, and dishonesty. I never, ever believe the "scientific" conclusions of academics when they contradict my commonsense experience. As an economist friend once told me -- in characterizing social science -- "We torture the data until it confesses."

(2) I have become intensely resentful of the strong tendency of the governing schemes of liberal elites to reduce the day-to-day experience of middle-class life to the equivalent of what we used to artlessly call "the lower classes."

Two illustrations: Liberal elites have destroyed the public school systems, which many people of modest income cannot escape. But, of course, they send their own kids to Sidwell Friends, etc. A second illustration is what is happening with public housing, which is that the elites have abandoned their big projects and are forcing the welfare class into middle-class neighborhoods. I live in a lovely, modest townhome community. Some units inevitably become rentals. The government's Section 8 housing program moves chronic welfare recipients out of the projects and into my formerly neat, safe neighborhood. Section 8 housing vouchers are large and sufficient for a fully, middle-class rental. What modest homeowner wants that on the otherside of his bedroom wall?

Medical care, of course, is heading in the same direction. Most of us are likely to wind up receiving our care in mass, clinic-style facilities that are very bureaucratic and ultimately controlled by the government. But the elites will buy themselves out of the system. Only if you are seriously wealthy will you receive your care in a an environment that is not like the DMV.

Yea, I got a little of the anti-elite, class envy thing going on now...if anyone wants to call it that.

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   10/12/10 16:12

One need not be elite to be an elitist. Lots of college dropouts from state universities buy into the elitist world view; in fact, you needn't bother taking frosh sociology or political science to pick up their notions. The elitist mythos can be assimilated for free from television news or most newspapers.

The essential point of elitism is the belief that a technocracy of philosopher-kings exists, or at least might exist. To believe that, one must assume that a body of expert knowledge also exists which allows the initiated to proficiently manage the details of the vast governmental apparatus. This is the real nexus between elitism and the continuing experiment in progressive government: progressives think that they can use governmental control to make society both prosperous and fair. Most conservatives believe that government - even when administered by the best and brightest - doesn't know how to run society, and self-organization through free markets and free civic associations is more likely to succeed.

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   10/12/10 18:56

So Applebaum's thesis is that it would be good for the really smart folks (as measured by intelligence tests) to rule the world and that attending Ivy League or similar "elite" schools means your really smart. So we should be ruled by Hannibal Lecter and John Kerry?

Lecter wasn't Ivy League but he did go to "elite" schools: Institut De Medicine St Marie, Paris, France (M.D.) and Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland (Psychiatry Residency Training) and we know he is really smart and he must be good because he is a doctor!

Ms Applebaum should take note:

British Officer: "You call yourself a patriot, a loyal subject to the crown?"
Hawkeye: "I don't call myself subject to much at all."

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   10/13/10 00:51

Applebaum's essay was breathtakingly arrogant.

How can anyone believe that having access to elite education equals merit, when they themselves belong to that class that understands better than anyone how important it is to get your kid's name on the waiting list for the "right" kindergarten the very same day you get the positive on your pregnancy test?

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   10/13/10 11:41

Anne Applebaum wrote a Washington Post article in 2009 attacking the arrest of Roman Polanski. Apparently if one is a member of the elites, one can rape 13 year olds and be excused, even if one doesn't have matching 700s on the SAT exam.

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