Here is an excellent George Will column on how the ripple effects have played out–harming the poor and minorities and perhaps raising college tuition for everyone who attends–from a unanimous 1971 Supreme Court ruling that made a hash of the 1964 Civil Rights Act as the justices attempted (they surely thought) to help minorities. Will’s column is based on a paper by Ohio University’s Bryan O’Keefe and Richard Vedder that sounds very much worth reading.