Maybe not. From Scotusblog:

By a vote of 8-1, the Court ruled that a change in federal immigration law in 1996 restricting the rights of aliens who return illegally to the U.S. after being deported applies to those who came back before the law was enacted. At the same time, however, the Court decided that the provision has no retroactive effect on an individual who had been deported, had returned to the U.S., and then remained for 20 years. The change in the law, the Court said, imposed no burden on him. The decision came in the case of Fernandez-Vargas v. Gonzales (04-1376).