A federal Judge on Friday blocked Kentucky’s newly adopted Medicaid work-requirement policy, which mandated that beneficiaries of the program work, volunteer, or actively search for employment.

Judge James E. Boasberg, an Obama appointee who sits on the Federal District Court in Washington, D.C., found the policy to be “arbitrary and capricious” as policymakers failed to address whether it would “help the state furnish medical assistance to its citizens, a central objective of Medicaid.”

While Kentucky became the first state to adopt Medicaid work requirements in January, three other states have received a waiver from the Trump administration to implement their own requirements, and seven other states are still waiting for clearance to do so.

The numerous legal challenges that are likely to result from the policy’s adoption suggest the issue may ultimately end up before the Supreme Court.

Kentucky governor Matt Bevin and fellow conservative proponents of the policy argue that Medicaid was never intended to serve as a blanket safety net for the poor, but rather as a service for society’s most vulnerable. To that end, the Medicaid work requirements Bevin implemented exempted the disabled, elderly, pregnant, and those under the age of 19.

Bevin, whose predecessor drastically expanded Medicaid coverage under Obamacare, previously vowed to cut the number of Medicaid beneficiaries in his state by roughly 400,000 if the courts ruled against him — a figure Bevin claims reflects the number of able-bodied Medicaid beneficiaries in Kentucky.

Critics of the policy celebrated the ruling as a victory for the state’s poor.

“Reason has prevailed once again against Gov. Bevin and the Republican majority’s attack on everyday Kentuckians,” the Kentucky Democratic Party said in a statement.