The poll also showed that in one-to-one matchups, Obama and Edwards each outpolled McCain and Giuliani. According to the survey, the only top-tier Democrat (factoring out Iowa favorite son Tom Vilsack) who would be defeated by both McCain and Giuliani in Iowa is Hillary Clinton. Of the second-tier Democratic candidates, John Kerry and Al Gore were both outpolled by McCain and Giuliani. Of the second-tier Republicans, Mitt Romney was outpolled in one-to-one matchups with Clinton, Obama, Edwards, Kerry, and Gore.